Treatment Trials

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial randomized 1,441 type 1 diabetes patients to intensive versus conventional insulin th...

The UK Prospective Diabetes Study followed over 5,000 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients for a median of 10 years. Intensive...

The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes trial tested intensive glucose control targeting HbA1c under 6.0 percent in ...

ADVANCE randomized 11,140 type 2 diabetes patients to intensive gliclazide based glucose control or standard therapy. Intensive co...

EMPA-REG OUTCOME randomized 7,020 type 2 diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease to the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin or pla...

The Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results trial randomized 9,340 type 2 diabetes...

The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study randomized 4,444 patients with prior heart attack or angina and high cholesterol to si...

FOURIER randomized 27,564 patients with atherosclerotic disease on optimized statins to the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab or placebo....

The Second International Study of Infarct Survival randomized 17,187 heart attack patients to streptokinase, aspirin, both, or nei...

GUSTO-I randomized 41,021 heart attack patients to four thrombolytic strategies. Accelerated tissue plasminogen activator with hep...

The Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial randomized over 42,000 hypertensive patients to ch...

The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial randomized 9,361 adults over 50 with hypertension and cardiovascular risk to systol...

The Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial randomized 3,845 patients aged 80 and over with systolic pressure over 160 to indapamid...

The Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study randomized 253 patients with severe congestive heart failure, NYHA cla...

The Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction treatment arm randomized 2,569 patients with chronic heart failure and ejection fracti...

The Metoprolol CR XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure randomized 3,991 patients with moderate heart failu...

The Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study randomized 1,663 patients with severe heart failure, ejection fraction under 35 percent,...

The Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality trial randomized 8,442 heart failure patients...

Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure randomized 4,744 patients with reduced ejection fraction to the ...

The Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulation Therapy trial randomized 18,113 atrial fibrillation patients to blinded dos...

ROCKET AF randomized 14,264 atrial fibrillation patients to rivaroxaban 20 mg daily or warfarin. Rivaroxaban was non inferior for ...

The Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation trial randomized 18,201 patients to ap...

The Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes trial randomized 18,624 acute coronary syndrome patients to ticagrelor or clopidogrel...

The Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation trial randomized 2,287 patients with stable coron...

The International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches randomized 5,179 patients with mo...

ORBITA enrolled 230 patients with single vessel stable angina and, after a medication optimization phase, randomized 200 to PCI or...

The Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery trial randomized 1,800 patients with three vessel or left main disease to p...

The Future Revascularization Evaluation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus trial randomized 1,900 diabetic patients with multivess...

Bernard Fisher randomized 1,665 breast cancer patients to radical mastectomy, total mastectomy with radiation, or total mastectomy...

Umberto Veronesi randomized 701 women with small breast cancers under 2 cm to radical mastectomy or breast conserving quadrantecto...

The Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination trial randomized 9,366 postmenopausal women with early breast cancer to anastrozo...

The Herceptin Adjuvant trial randomized 5,102 women with HER2 positive early breast cancer to trastuzumab for 1 or 2 years or obse...

The Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment enrolled 10,273 women with hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative, node...

OlympiA randomized 1,836 patients with germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations and high risk HER2 negative early breast cancer to adjuva...

The International Randomized Study of Interferon and STI571 randomized 1,106 newly diagnosed chronic phase CML patients to imatini...

The Iressa Pan Asia Study randomized 1,217 East Asian never or light smokers with lung adenocarcinoma to gefitinib or carboplatin ...

FLAURA randomized 556 patients with untreated EGFR mutated advanced non small cell lung cancer to third generation osimertinib or ...

KEYNOTE-024 randomized 305 patients with untreated metastatic non small cell lung cancer and PD L1 expression of 50 percent or mor...

PACIFIC randomized 713 patients with unresectable stage III non small cell lung cancer, stable after chemoradiotherapy, to consoli...

The Multicenter International Study of Oxaliplatin 5 Fluorouracil Leucovorin in the Adjuvant Treatment of Colon Cancer randomized ...

The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group randomized 695 men, mostly Swedish, with newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer to radic...

The Prostate Cancer Intervention versus Observation Trial randomized 731 American men with localized prostate cancer, mostly PSA d...

The Systemic Therapy in Advancing or Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Drug Efficacy trial is a multi arm multistage platf...

The NINDS trial randomized 624 acute ischemic stroke patients to intravenous tPA or placebo within 3 hours of onset. At 3 months, ...

The Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands randomized 500 pa...

The Clarity AD trial randomized 1,795 early Alzheimer patients to the anti amyloid antibody lecanemab or placebo for 18 months. Le...

The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness, funded by NIMH rather than industry, randomized 1,493 schizophren...

The Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression study enrolled 4,041 outpatients with major depression and followed a f...

The Randomised Evaluation of COVID 19 Therapy platform trial in the UK randomized over 11,000 hospitalized COVID patients to multi...

The Adaptive COVID 19 Treatment Trial randomized 1,062 hospitalized COVID patients to remdesivir or placebo. Remdesivir shortened ...

The Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment trial randomized 4,685 HIV positive adults with CD4 counts over 500 to immediate ...

AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 randomized 1,156 HIV patients with CD4 under 200 to zidovudine plus lamivudine with or without indi...

The ARDS Network trial randomized 861 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome to traditional 12 mL per kg tidal volumes ...

The Normoglycemia in Intensive Care Evaluation and Survival Using Glucose Algorithm Regulation trial randomized 6,104 ICU patients...

The Saline versus Albumin Fluid Evaluation trial randomized 6,997 ICU patients to 4 percent albumin or normal saline for fluid res...

The Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care trial randomized 838 euvolemic ICU patients to restrictive transfusion at hemoglobin...

The Clinical Randomisation of an Antifibrinolytic in Significant Haemorrhage trial randomized 20,211 trauma patients with signific...

The ECMO to Rescue Lung Injury in Severe ARDS trial randomized 249 patients with very severe ARDS to early VV ECMO or conventional...

Mary Hannah randomized 2,088 women with term singleton breech fetuses to planned cesarean or planned vaginal birth. Planned cesare...

The A Randomized Trial of Induction Versus Expectant Management trial randomized 6,106 low risk nulliparous women to labor inducti...

The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease trial randomized 840 patients with chronic kidney disease to usual versus low protein di...

The African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension randomized 1,094 African Americans with hypertensive kidney disease ...

The Initiating Dialysis Early and Late trial randomized 828 patients with progressive CKD to start dialysis at eGFR 10 to 14 versu...

The Towards a Revolution in COPD Health trial randomized 6,112 COPD patients to salmeterol, fluticasone, the combination, or place...

The Understanding Potential Long Term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium trial randomized 5,993 COPD patients to the once daily a...

The Anti TNF Trial in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Concomitant Therapy randomized patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite m...

The Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity trial randomized 2,006 very low birth weight infants to caffeine citrate or placebo. Caffein...

The British Medical Research Council trial, designed with the statistician Austin Bradford Hill, allocated 107 patients with acute...

Led by Edward Freis at Veterans Administration hospitals, the study randomized men with severe diastolic hypertension to a combina...

The first Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell'Infarto Miocardico trial randomized more than 11,000 patients wi...

Emanuel Rivers and colleagues at Henry Ford Hospital randomized 263 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock in the emergency d...

PROWESS randomized 1,690 patients with severe sepsis to drotrecogin alfa activated, a recombinant form of activated protein C, or ...

The third European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study randomized 821 patients with acute ischemic stroke to intravenous alteplase or p...

DAWN randomized 206 patients with large vessel occlusion strokes, last seen well 6 to 24 hours earlier, whose clinical deficit was...

The Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD, sponsored by the US National Institute of Mental Health, randomized 579 chil...

The National Emphysema Treatment Trial randomized 1,218 patients with severe emphysema to lung volume reduction surgery plus pulmo...

CREDENCE randomized 4,401 patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease, already on renin angiotensin block...