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Term Breech Trial
About the Trial
Mary Hannah randomized 2,088 women with term singleton breech fetuses to planned cesarean or planned vaginal birth. Planned cesarean reduced perinatal mortality and serious neonatal morbidity from 5.0 to 1.6 percent. Maternal complications were transiently higher with surgery. The 2000 Lancet publication flipped practice within months, cesarean rates for breech soared worldwide. Long term follow up showed no childhood differences. Later cohort studies suggested skilled vaginal breech birth may approach safety of cesarean in selected cases, but the trial remains the randomized foundation of modern breech management.
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