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MRC Streptomycin Trial
About the Trial
The British Medical Research Council trial, designed with the statistician Austin Bradford Hill, allocated 107 patients with acute progressive pulmonary tuberculosis to streptomycin plus bed rest or bed rest alone using random numbers in sealed envelopes. Scarce postwar supplies of the drug made a controlled comparison ethically defensible. At six months, 4 of 55 streptomycin patients had died compared with 14 of 52 controls, and radiographic improvement was far more common with the drug. The trial also documented the rapid emergence of streptomycin resistance, which led to combination therapy. Published in the BMJ in 1948, it became the template for randomized evidence in medicine.
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