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VITAL
About the Trial
The Vitamin D and Omega 3 Trial randomized 25,871 generally healthy adults to vitamin D 2000 IU, omega 3, both, or placebo in a factorial design over 5.3 years. Neither supplement reduced the primary endpoints of invasive cancer or major cardiovascular events. Omega 3 showed a hint of heart attack reduction, stronger in African Americans and low fish intake, while vitamin D showed no cancer mortality signal overall though later analyses suggested reduced cancer death with time. VITAL tempered enthusiasm for vitamin D as prevention that had been fueled by observational studies. It remains the definitive general population test of two of the most consumed supplements worldwide.
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