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HIP Mammography Trial
About the Trial
Beginning in 1963, the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York randomized more than 60,000 women aged 40 to 64 to annual mammography plus clinical breast examination for four rounds, or to usual care. Led by Sam Shapiro, Philip Strax, and Louis Venet, the study reported in 1971 that breast cancer mortality was lower in the screened group, a benefit that persisted in long term follow up. It was the first randomized controlled trial of any cancer screening test. The HIP results helped launch mass mammography programs, while later Swedish and Canadian trials debated the size of the benefit and the age at which screening should begin.
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